Parney Cotoneaster #195:
Tree Guide:
https://mapsengine.google.com/map/edit?mid=zFDBt15oTJO4.kQSKLJkNTJMo
Scientific Name: Cotoneaster lacteus
Angiosperm or Gymnosperm: Angiosperm
Natural Habitat: Southwestern China
Leaf Pattern: Dull, leathery, simple leaves hang onto dense stems and are dark green on top and fuzzy, white-green below. Some leaves may turn purple or show a purple-tint in winter, but generally not cold enough in our area for a full color change.
Germination Process: Birds spread seeds but most seeds simply fall to the ground and germinate. Seeds generally germinate slowly in cool conditions.
Type of Seed: Distinctive orange or red berry-like fruits that contain five seeds.
Pollination and Spreading: Produces abundant red fruit and is self-fertile since there are no other cotoneasters for cross pollination. Flowers are pollinated by bees and flies. Does not spread by rhizomes (mass of roots) or root structures.
Fellow Animals and Plants in Habitat: The white flowers are hermaphrodites (have both male and female organs) and are usually pollinated by flies, insects and midges. After they bloom, the seeds ripen and produce a small, red fruit. These red berries hang on during the winter and are showy and edible, providing a feast for local song birds.
Type of Bark: Evergreen shrub with arching branches; multi-stemmed/branches are low to the ground. New twigs are pubescent or wooly but the wool rubs off to show the red bark of the twigs underneath. Branches are dark green and older bark is smooth gray.
Ethnobotany: Medium growth rate and low maintenance so humans use this shrub as a screen or barrier plant, foundation plant, or informal hedge.
Current Research on Tree: The academic journal from 1998, "Different Bacteria can Enhance the Micropropagation Response of Cotoneaster lacteus," examines the micropropagation response of this shrub. This includes studying the development of bacterial contaminants, multiplication and rooting of the Cotoneaster lacteus, and a production of cyanide. Another journal from 2009, "The Effects of Sodium Chloride on Ornamental Shrubs," measures the growth response of widely cultivated ornamental shrubs by irrigation with saline water. This study investigated any possible relation with the concentration of Na+ and Cl− in the plants. At the end of salt treatment, plants were sampled, dry biomass was recorded, and the relative growth rate was also calculated, concluding that the Cotoneaster lacteus growth rates were significantly reduced. Finally, an article from 2011, "Cotoneaster Rosiflorus (Rosaceae), a New Species from Taiwan," describes a new classification of Cotoneaster plant species, the Cotoneaster Rosiflorus. It is from central Taiwan and researchers have found it distinct due to it's slightly spreading of pink petals and pink or reddish filaments. Although it is not a Cotoneaster lacteus, it is a new discovery of another type of Cotoneaster plant.
References:
Brun, C. (n.d.). Parney Cotoneaster. WSU Clark County Extension PNW Plants. Retrieved October 22, 2013 from http://www.pnwplants.wsu.edu/PlantDisplay.aspx?PlantID=69
Smokeylemon, . (2013, July 18). Cotoneaster lacteus (Parney Cotoneaster). T.E.R.R.A.I.N. Retrieved October 22, 2013 from http://www.terrain.net.nz/friends-of-te-henui-group/weeds/cotoneaster-parney-cotoneaster-cotoneaster-lacteus.html
Monier, C.; Bossis, E.; Chabanet, C.; Samson, R. Different Bacteria can Enhance the Micropropagation Response of Cotoneaster lacteus. Journal of Applied Microbiology. December 1998, Vol. 85 Issue 6, p1047. Retrieved October 26, 2013.
Cassaniti, Carla; Leonardi, Cherubino; Flowers, Timothy J. The Effects of Sodium Chloride on Ornamental Shrubs. Scientia Horticulturae. November 2009, Vol. 122 Issue 4, p586-593. Retrieved October 26, 2013.
Kun-Cheng Chang; Chih-Chiang Wang; Shu-Lin Deng; Kono, Yoshiko; Fu-Yuan Lu; Ching-I Peng. Cotoneaster Rosiflorus (Rosaceae), a New Species from Taiwan. Botanical Studies. 2011, Vol. 52 Issue 2, p211-218. Retrieved October 26, 2013.
Essay:
Located in forests, shrub lands, grasslands or rocky areas, Parney Cotoneasters act as shrubs because they are mainly planted as barriers or hedges due to the fact they are low maintenance. As I walk around on campus at Chico State, I notice other trees and plants, and compare their attributes to a Parney Cotoneaster. After researching the Parney Cotoneaster, I have discovered that they are long, evergreen shrubs with densely, complex interwoven branches. As I approach the Parney Cotoneaster, positioned up against a building in front of the Rose Garden, I notice birds flying around it because they are attracted to its fruit. Its flowers emerge from late spring through summer and attract bees and flies as well.
Continuing my stroll through nature around Chico’s campus I recognize that Parney Cotoneaster shrubs contain dull, leathery, dark green leaves that feel fuzzy when I pull a leaf off of one of the branches. I can see that they consist of a white-green color underneath before I watch it fly away in wind. The ideal growing condition of a Parney Cotoneaster is to be in full or partial sun, in well-drained soil, most commonly making an attractive hedge. Before I head back to my dorm and finish my nature walk, I take note that the Parney Cotoneaster I am studying is not being used as a barrier where it is located, but it is still a hedge and is in an area where it receives just the right amount of sunlight that it needs. The Parney Cotoneaster offers bright red berries, white flowers, and a quick growth rate, allowing it to be attractive for landscaping and easy to take care of.
Parney Cotoneaster Berries
Parney Cotoneaster Leaves
Tree Guide:
https://mapsengine.google.com/map/edit?mid=zFDBt15oTJO4.kQSKLJkNTJMo
Scientific Name: Cotoneaster lacteus
Angiosperm or Gymnosperm: Angiosperm
Natural Habitat: Southwestern China
Leaf Pattern: Dull, leathery, simple leaves hang onto dense stems and are dark green on top and fuzzy, white-green below. Some leaves may turn purple or show a purple-tint in winter, but generally not cold enough in our area for a full color change.
Germination Process: Birds spread seeds but most seeds simply fall to the ground and germinate. Seeds generally germinate slowly in cool conditions.
Type of Seed: Distinctive orange or red berry-like fruits that contain five seeds.
Pollination and Spreading: Produces abundant red fruit and is self-fertile since there are no other cotoneasters for cross pollination. Flowers are pollinated by bees and flies. Does not spread by rhizomes (mass of roots) or root structures.
Fellow Animals and Plants in Habitat: The white flowers are hermaphrodites (have both male and female organs) and are usually pollinated by flies, insects and midges. After they bloom, the seeds ripen and produce a small, red fruit. These red berries hang on during the winter and are showy and edible, providing a feast for local song birds.
Type of Bark: Evergreen shrub with arching branches; multi-stemmed/branches are low to the ground. New twigs are pubescent or wooly but the wool rubs off to show the red bark of the twigs underneath. Branches are dark green and older bark is smooth gray.
Ethnobotany: Medium growth rate and low maintenance so humans use this shrub as a screen or barrier plant, foundation plant, or informal hedge.
Current Research on Tree: The academic journal from 1998, "Different Bacteria can Enhance the Micropropagation Response of Cotoneaster lacteus," examines the micropropagation response of this shrub. This includes studying the development of bacterial contaminants, multiplication and rooting of the Cotoneaster lacteus, and a production of cyanide. Another journal from 2009, "The Effects of Sodium Chloride on Ornamental Shrubs," measures the growth response of widely cultivated ornamental shrubs by irrigation with saline water. This study investigated any possible relation with the concentration of Na+ and Cl− in the plants. At the end of salt treatment, plants were sampled, dry biomass was recorded, and the relative growth rate was also calculated, concluding that the Cotoneaster lacteus growth rates were significantly reduced. Finally, an article from 2011, "Cotoneaster Rosiflorus (Rosaceae), a New Species from Taiwan," describes a new classification of Cotoneaster plant species, the Cotoneaster Rosiflorus. It is from central Taiwan and researchers have found it distinct due to it's slightly spreading of pink petals and pink or reddish filaments. Although it is not a Cotoneaster lacteus, it is a new discovery of another type of Cotoneaster plant.
References:
Brun, C. (n.d.). Parney Cotoneaster. WSU Clark County Extension PNW Plants. Retrieved October 22, 2013 from http://www.pnwplants.wsu.edu/PlantDisplay.aspx?PlantID=69
Smokeylemon, . (2013, July 18). Cotoneaster lacteus (Parney Cotoneaster). T.E.R.R.A.I.N. Retrieved October 22, 2013 from http://www.terrain.net.nz/friends-of-te-henui-group/weeds/cotoneaster-parney-cotoneaster-cotoneaster-lacteus.html
Monier, C.; Bossis, E.; Chabanet, C.; Samson, R. Different Bacteria can Enhance the Micropropagation Response of Cotoneaster lacteus. Journal of Applied Microbiology. December 1998, Vol. 85 Issue 6, p1047. Retrieved October 26, 2013.
Cassaniti, Carla; Leonardi, Cherubino; Flowers, Timothy J. The Effects of Sodium Chloride on Ornamental Shrubs. Scientia Horticulturae. November 2009, Vol. 122 Issue 4, p586-593. Retrieved October 26, 2013.
Kun-Cheng Chang; Chih-Chiang Wang; Shu-Lin Deng; Kono, Yoshiko; Fu-Yuan Lu; Ching-I Peng. Cotoneaster Rosiflorus (Rosaceae), a New Species from Taiwan. Botanical Studies. 2011, Vol. 52 Issue 2, p211-218. Retrieved October 26, 2013.
Essay:
Located in forests, shrub lands, grasslands or rocky areas, Parney Cotoneasters act as shrubs because they are mainly planted as barriers or hedges due to the fact they are low maintenance. As I walk around on campus at Chico State, I notice other trees and plants, and compare their attributes to a Parney Cotoneaster. After researching the Parney Cotoneaster, I have discovered that they are long, evergreen shrubs with densely, complex interwoven branches. As I approach the Parney Cotoneaster, positioned up against a building in front of the Rose Garden, I notice birds flying around it because they are attracted to its fruit. Its flowers emerge from late spring through summer and attract bees and flies as well.
Continuing my stroll through nature around Chico’s campus I recognize that Parney Cotoneaster shrubs contain dull, leathery, dark green leaves that feel fuzzy when I pull a leaf off of one of the branches. I can see that they consist of a white-green color underneath before I watch it fly away in wind. The ideal growing condition of a Parney Cotoneaster is to be in full or partial sun, in well-drained soil, most commonly making an attractive hedge. Before I head back to my dorm and finish my nature walk, I take note that the Parney Cotoneaster I am studying is not being used as a barrier where it is located, but it is still a hedge and is in an area where it receives just the right amount of sunlight that it needs. The Parney Cotoneaster offers bright red berries, white flowers, and a quick growth rate, allowing it to be attractive for landscaping and easy to take care of.
Parney Cotoneaster Berries
Parney Cotoneaster Leaves
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